健康生活學

翻風落雨加劇關節痛?立即了解「天氣痛」的成因與舒緩方法!

2024/01/13

每逢轉季有不少人身體都會出現關節疼痛、僵硬、頭痛、容易疲倦等情況。尤其在冬天或潮濕的天氣下,這種不適感更加明顯。日本一名醫學博士佐藤純先生在2015年提出「天氣痛」一詞,解釋天氣變化時,身體出現不適的現象。1

天氣痛的常見症狀1

「天氣痛」不是一個具體的疾病名稱,而是指由天氣變化所引發一系列不適症狀的統稱。以下是一些常見的症狀:

 

  • 關節疼痛、僵硬和腫脹
  • 背痛
  • 頭痛
  • 疲倦

 

在寒冷和潮濕的天氣下,這些症狀可能會變得更加嚴重,進而影響日常生活。

 

天氣痛的高危人士2,3

  • 關節炎或長期痛症的患者:可能會在天氣變冷或潮濕時感到關節疼痛加劇
  • 患有慢性頭痛或偏頭痛的人士(特別是18-44歲的女性):氣壓變化可能會觸發頭痛
  • 曾受過傷的人:過去曾受過傷的部位例如關節,可能在天氣變化時感到疼痛
  • 長者:隨著年齡的增長,身體對氣候變化的敏感性可能會增加

 

天氣痛的成因4-6

關節問題:

  • 氣溫下降:當氣溫下降時,關節間的滑膜液可能變得更加黏稠,從而降低關節的靈活性,而寒冷的天氣亦會減慢血液的流動,令關節變得僵硬
  • 氣壓變化:隨著氣溫的變化,氣壓亦會隨之受到影響。當氣壓降低,關節和周邊的軟組織可能會因受壓而收縮,從而誘發疼痛或不適
  • 減少活動:寒冷、潮濕的天氣使人活動的意欲減低。長時間保持同一個姿勢,例如長時間坐在沙發上看電視,會加劇關節僵硬的情況

 

此外,如果經常懷著「在下雨天關節痛會變得更嚴重」的想法,可能會產生錯覺,放大了疼痛的感受。5

 

頭痛:1,7-9

  • 氣壓變化:氣壓的變化可能會導致自律神經失調,進而引起頭痛
  • 氣溫變化:可能會影響大腦內分泌物質的水平。當血液裏的血清素或雌激素含量產生變化時,會引發血管擴張或收縮,進而觸發偏頭痛

 

天氣痛的舒緩方法10, 11

  • 定期進行低強度運動:持續進行輕度運動,例如散步或瑜伽,可提升關節的靈活性,減少僵硬與疼痛
  • 按摩:按摩能促進血液循環,緩解肌肉繃緊和壓力
  • 溫熱療法:使用暖水袋或暖包放置於疼痛部位或進行溫水浴,有助放鬆肌肉減輕疼痛
  • 保持適當的體溫:在寒冷的天氣時應多穿衣服,尤其是保持關節部位的溫暖,有助於減輕不適感和疼痛
  • 確保補充足夠水分:水分有助於維持軟組織的彈性和健康。關節滑膜液也需要水分來保持黏性和潤滑度,從而幫助減少關節疼痛
  • 避免攝取過多咖啡因:咖啡因會導致腦部血管收縮,可能加劇頭痛
  • 壓力管理:進行冥想、深呼吸或其他放鬆技巧,有助舒緩因天氣變化引起的壓力和疼痛
  • 適當的休息:確保充足的睡眠,幫助身體從疼痛中恢復
  • 避免置於寒冷或潮濕的環境:開啟冷暖氣機、抽濕機,調整室內的溫度和濕度
  • 諮詢醫意見:如果疼痛持續或變得嚴重,應盡快求醫

參考資料:

  1. Jun Sato. Mechanism of weather–related pain. Pain Research. 2019
  2. The University of Manchester. Mapping the weather patterns affecting people with chronic pain. Available at: https://www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/news/mapping-the-weather-patterns-affecting-people-with-chronic-pain/. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
  3. Burch RC et al. The prevalence and burden of migraine and severe headache in the United States: updated statistics from government health surveillance studies. Headache. 2015
  4. Scott R. Brannan et al. Synovial fluid analysis. The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 2006
  5. Harvard Health Publishing. What triggers weather-related joint pain? Available at: https://www.health.harvard.edu/pain/what-triggers-weather-related-joint-pain#:~:text=It%27s%20believed%20that%20changes%20in,joints%2C%20possibly%20leading%20to%20pain. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
  6. WebMD. Does Weather Affect Joint Pain? Available at: https://www.webmd.com/pain-management/weather-and-joint-pain. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
  7. Medical News Today. What you should know about barometric pressure and headaches. Available at: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320038. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
  8. Mayo Clinic. Migraines: Are they triggered by weather changes? Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/migraine-headache/expert-answers/migraine-headache/faq-20058505. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
  9. Johns Hopkins Medicine. How a Migraine Happens. Available at: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/headache/how-a-migraine-happens#:~:text=Serotonin%20is%20a%20chemical%20necessary,estrogen%20levels%20affect%20women%20only. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
  10. Cleveland Clinic. How Changes in Weather Affect Joint Pain. Available at: https://health.clevelandclinic.org/barometric-pressure-joint-pain/. Accessed 27 Sep 2023
  11. UCLA Health. The caffeine connection between coffee and headaches. Available at: https://www.uclahealth.org/news/caffeine-connection-between-coffee-and-headaches#:~:text=Caffeine%20also%20narrows%20blood%20vessels,surrounding%20tissues%2C%20which%20triggers%20pain. Accessed 27 Sep 2023