心理教室
無手機焦慮症可能與精神健康有關,速看10大常見症狀,及早遠離手機成癮
2022/11/21
日前所提及的網絡成癮問題,因手提電話的普及,令大部分都市人對手機上癮導致機不離手,甚至出現無手機焦慮症(Nomophobia)(如想了解更多關於網絡成癮的現象,可參考此文章:Share link)。無手機焦慮症的患者會因不能查看手機,或手機不在身旁而感到不安、焦慮或恐慌。1 全球約有77%以上的人有不同程度的無手機焦慮症,而嚴重的手機焦慮症在年輕人中較為普遍。2,3
無手機焦慮症的常見症狀:4-5
- 焦慮、不安、易怒或急躁
- 呼吸不順暢或胸悶
- 心跳加快
- 流汗增加
- 身體發抖
患者為了避免以上情況,可能會有以下相應的行為:5-8
- 手機無時無刻在身旁:在床側、如廁時,甚至洗澡
- 手機低電量和沒有網絡時,會特別著急、恐慌不安
- 時刻將手機拿在手中或擺放在視線範圍內
- 早上醒來第一時間是看手機
- 頻繁查看手機:即使無任何通知/電話響鬧的聲音也會查看手機(研究發現有89%的手機用戶都有這個習慣)
- 經常花大量時間在手機上(調查發現,手機用戶每日平均查看手機72次,最高為555次;每次查看手機平均會花3.7分鐘,即每日花在手機上的時間平均約4.5小時)
點擊測試是否患上無手機焦慮症(NMP-Q)
https://healthynet.hk/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/YouthInternetAddictionToolChi.pdf
誰較容易患上無手機焦慮症?
- 神經質:神經質人士頻繁查看手機,經常擔心錯過來電或訊息。有時還誤以為自己的手機在響,習慣性地拿起手機查看8
- 抑鬱症:研究發現,81%有抑鬱傾向的人士都有不同程度的手機焦慮症9,10
- 焦慮症:對手機成癮的人士有較高的焦慮症傾向,例如社交焦慮症9-11
無手機焦慮症對生活有不同負面的影響。例如:
- 睡眠質素下降:約有69%手機成癮的患者表示睡眠質素較差12
- 專注力受影響:在收到來電或訊息時,大部分人都會立即中斷手上工作去查看手機,集中力因而受到影響 7
- 嚴重的無手機焦慮症不利於工作、人際關係和個人生活5
- 若父母過度使用或依賴手機,子女亦會模仿父母的行為13
擺脫無手機焦慮症小貼士14,15
如患者對手機成癮致嚴重影響生活、工作和學習時,可以參考以下建議:
- 關掉娛樂軟件的訊息通知,僅保留來電通知和重要訊息
- 將手機調至靜音或飛行模式,戒掉收到通知就立刻查看手機的習慣
- 將手機放在視線範圍外:例如在房間學習時,就將手機放在客廳
- 盡量使用電腦查詢資料
- 將手機調成黑白或灰色,降低玩手機的慾望
- 隱藏或刪除消耗時間的娛樂軟件
- 設置較長的屏幕解鎖密碼,盡量避免使用指紋/面部解鎖功能
- 將充電口設於離床邊較遠的位置。
參考資料:
- 香港政府統計處. 互聯網和個人電腦普及程度. Available at: censtatd.gov.hk/en/data/stat_report/product/C0000052/att/B11302752022XXXXB0100.pdf. Accessed 3 November 2022
- Rodríguez-García et al. Nomophobia: An Individual’s Growing Fear of Being without a Smartphone-A Systematic Literature Review. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2020.
- Ali Humood et al. The Prevalence of Nomophobia by Population and by Research Tool: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. MDPI. 2021.
- Bhattacharya Sudip et al. NOMOPHOBIA: NO Mobile Phone Phobia. Journal of family medicine and primary care. 2019.
- Healthline. Afraid of Losing Your Phone? There’s a Name for That: Nomophobia. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/health/anxiety/nomophobia. Accessed 3 November 2022.
- IDC. Always Connected. Available at: https://www.nu.nl/files/IDC-Facebook%20Always%20Connected%20(1).pdf. Accessed 3 November 2022.
- Maxi Heitmayer et al. Why are smartphones disruptive? An empirical study of smartphone use in real-life contexts. Computers in Human Behavior. 2021.
- Beierle F et al. Frequency and Duration of Daily Smartphone Usage in Relation to Personality Traits. Digital Psychology. 2020.
- Zubair Ahmed Ratan et al. Smartphone Addiction and Associated Health Outcomes in Adult Populations: A Systematic Review. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021.
- Alhassan, Aljohara A et al. The relationship between addiction to smartphone usage and depression among adults: a cross sectional study. BMC psychiatry. 2018.
- Annoni A Maria et al. The Relationship between Social Anxiety, Smartphone Use, Dispositional Trust, and Problematic Smartphone Use: A Moderated Mediation Model. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021.
- Lane Hsien-Yuan et al. An Investigation into Smartphone Addiction with Personality and Sleep Quality among University Students. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2021.
- Jian Gong et al. How parental smartphone addiction affects adolescent smartphone addiction: The effect of the parent-child relationship and parental bonding. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2022.
- Dr.axe. Nomophobia — 5 Steps to Ending Your Smartphone Addiction. Available at: https://draxe.com/health/nomophobia/. Accessed 8 November 2022.
- Becoming Minimalist. 7 Proven Ways to Break Your Cell Phone Addiction. Available at: https://www.becomingminimalist.com/break-your-cell-phone-habit/. Accessed 8 November 2022.
熱門文章
2024/03/28
2024/04/18
2024/04/15
2024/04/12
2024/04/12